Santalum album is considered in Indian to be a practical agroforestry species. Comes up naturally and protected tree. Another common tree in Mysore city is Magnolia champaka.. Infact many varieties are seen if you walk on the road during the flowering season. The generic name Santalum is derived from santalon, the Greek name for sandalwood. Harvest of the tree involves several curing and processing stages, also adding to the commercial value. Fruit is produced after three years, viable seeds after five. Species. 22 November 2019. He reported daily use of sandalwood paste on the lesions for 8 years, and a patch test with sandalwood was positive. Leucorrhea 7. sandalwood. [4] The epithet album refers to the "white" of the heartwood. Sandalwood oil should be dosed in a resistant coating that protects against gastric secretions. Tertiary resources document the oil as having diuretic and urinary antiseptic properties.11, Sandalwood oil inhibited the replication of herpes simplex viruses (HSV) 1 and 2, with inhibition was more pronounced against HSV-1. Sensitive Skin 10. Last modified. The survival of these cells was affected by alpha-santalol in both a concentration- and time-dependent manner.18, Additionally, various lignans from S. album were found to exert cytotoxic effects against HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells and A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells.19. Select one or more newsletters to continue. Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Sandal (Santalum album L.) conservation in southern India: A review of policies and their impacts", "The origin and diffusion of betel chewing: a synthesis of evidence from South Asia, Southeast Asia and beyond", http://www.newcrops.uq.edu.au/newslett/ncnl2-54.htm, Australian Arid Lands Botanic Garden - Plants: Sandalwood, Santalum spicatum, "Time to lift restrictions on planting sandalwood? Hawaiian Names: Lāʻau ʻala literally means "sweet wood" or "fragrant wood." Oily Skin 8. An individual will form a non-obligate relationship with a number of other plants. turmeric, saw palmetto, Ginkgo Biloba, garlic, echinacea. Etymologically it is derived from Sanskrit चन्दनं chandanam, meaning "wood for burning incense", and related to candrah, meaning "shining, glowing".[2]. Santalum album Botanical name: Santalum album Common name: Indian sandalwood Morphological characters: Santalum album is a small evergreen tree that grows to 4 m in Australia, but in India it is much larger and can grow to a height of 20 m; girth of up to 2.4 m, with slender drooping branchlets. SANDALWOOD essential oil, scientifically known as Santalum Album, The essential oil of sandalwood is extracted through steam distillation of wood from matured sandalwood trees which are 40-80 years old, although 80 years is preferred. It is important to fully inform your doctor about the herbal, vitamins, mineral or any other supplements you are taking before any kind of surgery or medical procedure. Some isolates of Santalum album were found to be active against Helicobacter pylori.15 S. album was also found to inhibit Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with the aqueous leaf extract showing a higher inhibition zone than with the stem extract.6, Beta-santalol was found to exert antiviral activity against influenza A/HK (H3N2), with a suggested mechanism of inhibition in late viral RNA synthesis.16. Scientific Name (s): Santalum album L. Common Name (s): East Indian sandalwood oil, Sandalwood, Santal oil, White or yellow sandalwood oil, White saunders oil. Santalum L. – sandalwood. Alpha-santalol is believed to exert its chemopreventive effects, particularly against skin cancer, through the induction of apoptosis and tumor suppressor protein. It does NOT include all information about the possible uses, directions, warnings, precautions, interactions, adverse effects, or risks that may apply to this product. Stretch MarksSource: Julia Lawless, The Encyclopedia of Essential Oils (Updated Edition) (London: Harper Thorsons, 2014), 179-180. The Indian government has banned the export of the species to reduce the threat by over-harvesting. In India, the essential oil, emulsion, or paste of sandalwood is used in the treatment of inflammatory and eruptive skin diseases.5 The oil has been used in Ayurvedic medicinal system as a demulcent, diuretic, and mild stimulant.1 The leaves and bark of Santalum have been used by early Hawaiians to treat dandruff, lice, dermatitis, and sexually transmitted diseases.6 Sandalwood oil has also demonstrated repellency against the crop pest, Tetranychus urticae (two-spotted spider mite), with santalol suggested as the effective component.7, The essential oil of sandalwood is obtained from the heartwood of the tree.8 The light yellow, volatile oil contains about 90% santalols with 35% to 49% being alpha-santalol, 14% to 33% beta-santalol, 0% to 5% alpha-trans-bergamotol, and 1% to 7% epi-beta-santalol.9 The santalols are responsible for the pleasant odor of sandalwood, although 2-furfuryl pyrrole may also contribute an effect.2, The seeds yield about 50% of a viscid, dark red, fixed oil containing stearolic acid and santalbic acid. It should be dosed in a resistant coating that is protected against gastric secretions. The dermal toxicity of sandalwood oil and alpha-santalol in rabbits was reported as more than 5 g/kg.1, Sandalwood oil was found to be irritating in mouse and rabbit skin test models. Drugs.com provides accurate and independent information on more than 24,000 prescription drugs, over-the-counter medicines and natural products. Subscribe to Drugs.com newsletters for the latest medication news, new drug approvals, alerts and updates. Sandalwood oil has been widely used in folk medicine for treatment of common colds, bronchitis, skin disorders, heart ailments, general weakness, fever, infection of the urinary tract, inflammation of the mouth and pharynx, liver and gallbladder complaints and other maladies. Santalum ovatum R.Br. The easiest way to lookup drug information, identify pills, check interactions and set up your own personal medication records. It is yellow-brown in color, hard with an oily texture and due to its durability, is the perfect material for carving. Many fragrant constituents and biologically active components, such as alpha- and beta-santalol, cedrol, esters, aldehydes, phytosterols, and squalene were present in the pericarp oils. Subordinate Taxa. The high value of sandalwood has led to attempts at cultivation, this has increased the distribution range of the plant. Certain cultures place great significance on its fragrant and medicinal qualities. It is native to southern India and Southeast Asia. Common names [14] The Indian government has placed a ban on the export of the timber.[1]. Gas chromatography "fingerprinting" of sandalwood oil has successfully analyzed the complex components.10, Sandalwood is a fragrant wood from which an oil is derived for use in foods and cosmetics. They may live to one hundred years of age. Scars 9. S. album can grow up to 9.1 metres (30 ft) vertically. PART USED Heartwood SYNONYMS Santalum album L. COMMON NAMES Indian Sandalwood, East Indian Sandalwood EXTRACTION METHOD Steam Distilled Essential Oil ORIGIN India The trunk of the tree starts to develop its fragrance after about 10 years of growth. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the University of South Florida and other herbaria. -Botanical name is Santalum album, as I know. Background Information Indian sandalwood still commands high prices for its essential oil owing to its high alpha santalol content, but due to lack of sizable trees it is no longer used for fine woodworking as before. The effect was dose dependent and the oil was not virucidal.12 Another in vitro study found sandalwood oil to exert inhibitory activity against HSV-2 (IC50 of 0.0015%).13, Sandalwood oil (along with the essential oils thyme, and hyssop) was found to exert virucidal activity against acyclovir-sensitive and resistant strains of HSV-1. sandalwood tree scientific name: Santalum album In Indian tradition, Sandalwood trees are a special place and it used from cradle to cremation. The outer part of the tree, the sapwood, is unscented. Indigenous to India and Indonesia, sandalwood is an evergreen tree that grows to 8 to 12 m in height and 2.5 m in girth.1 The bark is smooth and gray-brown in color, and the small flowers have numerous short stalks. We comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information -. In a study of streptozocin-induced diabetic rats, S. album petroleum ether fraction 10 mcg/kg given twice daily for 60 days was associated with a reduction in blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c. [citation needed], S. album is recognized as a "vulnerable" species by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Datasheet Type (s) Host Plant. [17] Cutting of trees, even on private property, were regulated by the Forest Department[18] After that they were allowed to be sold to private growers, but the product can only be sold to the state forest department. The nomenclature for other "sandalwoods" and the taxonomy of the genus are derived from this species' historical and widespread use. Additionally, alpha-santalol in 2.5% and 5% concentrations as pretreatment reduced ultraviolet B UVB-initiated skin tumor development.8, Alpha-santalol activated caspase-3 activity, causing apoptosis in androgen-dependant and -independent human prostate cancer cells. This information is not specific medical advice and does not replace information you receive from your health care provider. Santalum album. The extensive removal of S. album over the past century led to increased vulnerability to extinction. Its is the world s most popular and costliest wood and widely known as Chandanam, Srigandham in south India and Chandan in North. Kautilya’s Arthashastra (320 B.C.) The oil should not be ingested internally in its natural state.1, 25, Sandalwood oil can cause dermatitis in sensitive persons, although it is generally considered to be nonirritating to human skin.2, 11, 26 A case report described a 65-year-old man with a scaly, hyperpigmented plaque on his forehead and fissuring of his fingers (markedly on the thumb and index finger). Santalum album, or Indian sandalwood, is a small tropical tree, and the traditional source of sandalwood oil. 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